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Roman Numeral Converter

Convert Roman numerals to numbers and numbers to Roman numerals — with breakdowns, charts, year conversion, validation and more.

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Arabic number (1–3999)

Roman numeral

Breakdown

1000

= 2026

MMXXVI

1000 + 1000 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 2026

How to use

Type an Arabic number (1–3999) to see its Roman numeral, or type Roman letters to see the number — both fields stay in sync.
Read the breakdown to see how each symbol group contributes to the total, e.g. 1984 = 1000 + 900 + 50 + 30 + 4.
Use Copy to grab the Roman numeral or a ready-made sentence such as “2026 in Roman numerals is MMXXVI”.
Share a result by copying the page URL — the ?number=2026 query parameter restores any value.

Year to Roman Numerals

Years are the most common thing people convert: copyright notices, monument dates, book chapters and movie credits. Enter any year from 1 to 3999.

Enter a year (1–3999)

2026 in Roman numerals is

MMXXVI

M = 1000 · M = 1000 · X = 10 · X = 10 · V = 5 · I = 1

Previous: 2025 → MMXXVNext: 2027 → MMXXVII

Year	Roman numerals
2020	MMXX
2021	MMXXI
2022	MMXXII
2023	MMXXIII
2024	MMXXIV
2025	MMXXV
2026	MMXXVI
2027	MMXXVII
2028	MMXXVIII

Roman Numeral Chart

The complete reference: the seven basic symbols, Roman numerals 1–20, the tens, the hundreds, and the full Roman numerals 1–100 chart.

Basic symbols

Number	Roman numeral
1	I
5	V
10	X
50	L
100	C
500	D
1000	M

Roman numerals 1–20

Number	Roman numeral
1	I
2	II
3	III
4	IV
5	V
6	VI
7	VII
8	VIII
9	IX
10	X
11	XI
12	XII
13	XIII
14	XIV
15	XV
16	XVI
17	XVII
18	XVIII
19	XIX
20	XX

Tens

Number	Roman numeral
10	X
20	XX
30	XXX
40	XL
50	L
60	LX
70	LXX
80	LXXX
90	XC
100	C

Hundreds

Number	Roman numeral
100	C
200	CC
300	CCC
400	CD
500	D
600	DC
700	DCC
800	DCCC
900	CM
1000	M

Roman numerals 1–100

Number	Roman numeral
1	I
2	II
3	III
4	IV
5	V
6	VI
7	VII
8	VIII
9	IX
10	X
11	XI
12	XII
13	XIII
14	XIV
15	XV
16	XVI
17	XVII
18	XVIII
19	XIX
20	XX
21	XXI
22	XXII
23	XXIII
24	XXIV
25	XXV

Number	Roman numeral
26	XXVI
27	XXVII
28	XXVIII
29	XXIX
30	XXX
31	XXXI
32	XXXII
33	XXXIII
34	XXXIV
35	XXXV
36	XXXVI
37	XXXVII
38	XXXVIII
39	XXXIX
40	XL
41	XLI
42	XLII
43	XLIII
44	XLIV
45	XLV
46	XLVI
47	XLVII
48	XLVIII
49	XLIX
50	L

Number	Roman numeral
51	LI
52	LII
53	LIII
54	LIV
55	LV
56	LVI
57	LVII
58	LVIII
59	LIX
60	LX
61	LXI
62	LXII
63	LXIII
64	LXIV
65	LXV
66	LXVI
67	LXVII
68	LXVIII
69	LXIX
70	LXX
71	LXXI
72	LXXII
73	LXXIII
74	LXXIV
75	LXXV

Number	Roman numeral
76	LXXVI
77	LXXVII
78	LXXVIII
79	LXXIX
80	LXXX
81	LXXXI
82	LXXXII
83	LXXXIII
84	LXXXIV
85	LXXXV
86	LXXXVI
87	LXXXVII
88	LXXXVIII
89	LXXXIX
90	XC
91	XCI
92	XCII
93	XCIII
94	XCIV
95	XCV
96	XCVI
97	XCVII
98	XCVIII
99	XCIX
100	C

Need a bigger range? Use the Roman numeral generator below to list any range up to 1–3999 and download it as CSV.

Roman Numeral Rules

Basic symbols

Roman numerals are built from seven letters of the Latin alphabet:

Symbol	Value
I	1
V	5
X	10
L	50
C	100
D	500
M	1000

Addition rule

When a symbol is followed by one of equal or smaller value, add it: VI = 5 + 1 = 6, XV = 10 + 5 = 15, XX = 10 + 10 = 20.

Subtraction rule

When a smaller symbol directly precedes a larger one, subtract it. Only six pairs are allowed: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900. That is why 49 is XLIX (40 + 9), never IL.

Repetition rules

I, X, C and M may repeat at most three times in a row (III, XXX, CCC, MMM). V, L and D never repeat. So 4 is IV — never IIII, despite what clock faces suggest.

Valid vs. invalid examples

Input	Verdict	Standard form
IX	✅ Valid	—
XL	✅ Valid	—
CM	✅ Valid	—
IIII	❌ Invalid	IV
IC	❌ Invalid	XCIX
IL	❌ Invalid	XLIX
VX	❌ Invalid	V
VV	❌ Invalid	X

Roman Numeral Validator

Check whether a Roman numeral follows the standard rules. Non-canonical spellings such as IIII, IC or VX are rejected, with the correct form suggested.

Enter a Roman numeral to check

MMXXVI is a valid Roman numeral — value 2026

Roman Numeral Generator

Generate a list for any range — Roman numerals 1–100, 1–500, 1–1000 or any custom span up to 3999. Copy the list or download it as CSV for printing.

From

Number	Roman numeral
1	I
2	II
3	III
4	IV
5	V
6	VI
7	VII
8	VIII
9	IX
10	X
11	XI
12	XII
13	XIII
14	XIV
15	XV
16	XVI
17	XVII
18	XVIII
19	XIX
20	XX
21	XXI
22	XXII
23	XXIII
24	XXIV
25	XXV
26	XXVI
27	XXVII
28	XXVIII
29	XXIX
30	XXX
31	XXXI
32	XXXII
33	XXXIII
34	XXXIV
35	XXXV
36	XXXVI
37	XXXVII
38	XXXVIII
39	XXXIX
40	XL
41	XLI
42	XLII
43	XLIII
44	XLIV
45	XLV
46	XLVI
47	XLVII
48	XLVIII
49	XLIX
50	L
51	LI
52	LII
53	LIII
54	LIV
55	LV
56	LVI
57	LVII
58	LVIII
59	LIX
60	LX
61	LXI
62	LXII
63	LXIII
64	LXIV
65	LXV
66	LXVI
67	LXVII
68	LXVIII
69	LXIX
70	LXX
71	LXXI
72	LXXII
73	LXXIII
74	LXXIV
75	LXXV
76	LXXVI
77	LXXVII
78	LXXVIII
79	LXXIX
80	LXXX
81	LXXXI
82	LXXXII
83	LXXXIII
84	LXXXIV
85	LXXXV
86	LXXXVI
87	LXXXVII
88	LXXXVIII
89	LXXXIX
90	XC
91	XCI
92	XCII
93	XCIII
94	XCIV
95	XCV
96	XCVI
97	XCVII
98	XCVIII
99	XCIX
100	C

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 2026 in Roman numerals?

2026 is MMXXVI in Roman numerals. The breakdown is MM = 2000, XX = 20 and VI = 6, which add up to 2026.

What is 1984 in Roman numerals?

1984 is MCMLXXXIV. M = 1000, CM = 900, LXXX = 80 and IV = 4, which add up to 1984.

What is 100 in Roman numerals?

100 is written as C, from the Latin word centum.

What is 500 in Roman numerals?

500 is written as D.

What is 1000 in Roman numerals?

1000 is written as M, from the Latin word mille.

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

The subtractive rule writes 4 as one-before-five (IV). IIII appears on some clock faces for visual symmetry, but standard conversion treats it as invalid.

What is the largest Roman numeral?

In the common modern standard notation, 3999 (MMMCMXCIX) is generally treated as the largest value that can be written without extended symbols. Historical systems used other conventions, such as an overline (vinculum) to multiply a numeral by 1000, so larger values were possible in those notations.

Is there a zero in Roman numerals?

No. The Roman system has no symbol for zero — the concept reached Europe much later. There is also no standard representation for negative numbers or fractions in this notation.

How do you convert Roman numerals to numbers?

Read left to right and add the values (XII = 10 + 1 + 1 = 12). When a smaller value directly precedes a larger one, subtract it instead: IV = 5 − 1 = 4, CM = 1000 − 100 = 900. Only the pairs IV, IX, XL, XC, CD and CM are allowed.

Does case matter?

No. Input is normalized to uppercase, so mmxxvi and MMXXVI both convert to 2026.

Popular Roman Numeral Conversions

2026MMXXVI 2025MMXXV 2024MMXXIV 2023MMXXIII 2000MM 1999MCMXCIX 1984MCMLXXXIV 1776MDCCLXXVI 1066MLXVI 1000M 500D 100C 50L 10X 4IV 1I

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Roman Numeral Converter

Breakdown

How to use

Year to Roman Numerals

Roman Numeral Chart

Basic symbols

Roman numerals 1–20

Tens

Hundreds

Roman numerals 1–100

Roman Numeral Rules

Basic symbols

Addition rule

Subtraction rule

Repetition rules

Valid vs. invalid examples

Roman Numeral Validator

Roman Numeral Generator

Frequently Asked Questions

Popular Roman Numeral Conversions

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